Stevie Documentary free essay sample

James was an advocate big brother in 1982 where he met a troubled young man named Steven Fielding’s. They would meet once a week as big brothers do, in which time they built a relationship. Years later the big brother contract had ended and Mr. James and Stevie had lost touch. Later on in life Mr. James developed feelings of guilt and that maybe he had abandoned Stevie. So he decided to return back to the town of Paloma, Illinois 10 years later, to chronicle the events of Stevie’s life. Steven Fieldings was born on March 18th, 1971 in Paloma, Illinois to Parents Bernice and step father Orville. He has a sister named Brenda who ends up being his social security payee and a vital part of his life in Illinois. Stevie suffered severe physical, emotional and sexual abuse in his child hood. He spent the first few years of his life in the care of his Mother and Step Father Oriville, whom up until Stevie was an adult thought was his biological father. His Mother Bernice was allegedly very rough and abusive with young Steven when he would â€Å"act up† or â€Å"talk back† as she puts it. Eventually young Steven was sent to live under the care and supervision of his Grandmother Verna Helger who cared and loved Steven dearly. His Grandmother was getting on in age and was unable to give Steven the care and attention he needed. In 1986 Stevie was given to the state for permanent placement in foster care. Stevie spent 10 years at Hubert’s boy’s home where he was cared for by Hal and Dolinda for 3 years. They did what they could with young Steven and he was finally receiving adequate love and supervision but eventually Hal got a job as a minister and left Hubert home. The next couple that took over Hubert’s Boys home was not as caring and compassionate as Hal and Dolinda were. Stevie suffered sexual, emotional and physical abuse at the Hubert Home. I believe these incidences in combination with the physical abuse he had already endured at the hands of his mother are the traumatic events that would have triggered his Mental Health issues. I would suggest based on research that Stevie suffered from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and also some form of a Social Anxiety Disorder. The terrible events during Stevie’s childhood shaped and moulded this young man’s future. I don’t believe he had a fighting chance in life. During the movie he says to himself: â€Å"Where ever I go. Neither here nor there, trouble always follows me† (Steven Fieldings,â€Å"Stevie† 2002) Stevie never learned how to function properly in society and was abused from a very young age. I think a very large part of Stevies behaviour and the events of his life can be attributed to his Mother Bernice. I found her hard to listen to at times during the film. I found that she down played the fact that she abused her son and took no responsibility for reality that was his life. She justified her behaviour and put the blame on everybody else. In the end she was also the one that turned him into Police. Not to say that it wasn’t the right thing to do, but the fashion that she did it in showed that her love for Stevie is not what it should be, or what she claims it to be. She gives off the impression that she always loved Steven and that he is aware of this. She gives off this impression that its really no big deal that he is the way he is, and it’s almost like she blames him or that he brought all this on himself. I found that Steve James the Director was starting to experience some sort of a disconnect from Stevie when learning who he really was as a person. Maybe with the possibility that Stevie is just beyond help, as he just keeps offending and doesn’t seem to show culpability for his actions, or acknowledgement for his possible Mental Health issues. He repeatedly refuses counselling and has a very strong negative feeling towards therapists or physiatrists. I also believe that it’s possible that the traumatic events of Stevie’s life have also conditioned him to be a Sociopath. He doesn’t seem to show any regard for anyone else’s thoughts or feelings. The characteristics of a Sociopath were exhibited in Stevie’s behaviour towards his relationships with the people in his life. Factnet stated that â€Å"one will generally create an environment where levels of denial are so great that those involved are oblivious of the foolishness and self-evident absurdity of their denials when presented with the facts, with the result that non-involved observers are led to question whether such levels of denial merit psychiatric intervention† (factnet/characteristics of a sociopath 05/12/08) This quote stood out to me while reflecting on the film and doing research on the issues surrounding Stevie’s mental state. In 1988 he was committed to Shrode mental hospital in Atlanta. Stevie then went through extensive drug therapy and was heavily medicated. This would definitely have long term effects on his cognitive ability to make decisions. He was pumped full of drugs at a crucial age while his brain was still developing. I strongly believe this had an impact on Stevie’s decision making ability as an adult. Stevie was discharged from Shrode in 1989. The Discharge documents stated that Stevie has received maximum benefit from the treatment program. This couldn’t have been furthest from the truth. They were just sweeping young Steven Fielding under the rug in my opinion, because the system had failed him. Stevie was now 18 and was left to fend for himself in the world. He returned to Illinois and things continued to be difficult for him. He was arrested for a string of offences from assault to credit card fraud. I believe this behaviour was inevitable for Stevie. Even the director Steven James said early in the film that (Steven) â€Å"always seemed like an accident waiting to happen† (Steven James â€Å"Stevie† 2002). This is where the traumatic events in Steven Fielding’s start to take there long term effects on his life. By this time he had been severely and repeatedly emotionally, sexually, and physically abused and he was only 18 years of age. Stevie was now facing the vicious cycle of incarceration for various arrests and offences. Stevie is starting to really struggle with the events of his child hood and I believe at this point the characteristics of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder are being triggered and taking their toll on Stevens life and ability to make rational decisions. The Child Welfare Fact Sheet says that â€Å"The impact of child abuse and neglect is often discussed in terms of physical, psychological, behavioural, and societal consequences. In reality, however, it is impossible to separate them completely. Physical consequences, such as damage to a childs growing brain, can have psychological implications such as cognitive delays or emotional difficulties. Psychological problems often manifest as high-risk behaviours. Depression and anxiety, for example, may make a person more likely to smoke, abuse alcohol or illicit drugs, or overeat. High-risk behaviours, in turn, can lead to long-term physical health problems such as sexually transmitted diseases, cancer, and obesity†. (Child Welfare Fact Sheet 2008). Stevie had now started making terrible decisions in life and was exhibiting very questionable social behaviour which I believe was developing into a serious Personality Disorder. He was then charged with molesting and threatening his 8 year old cousin and this is where I find the movie takes a turn. This is where Mr. James starts to experience the aforementioned disconnect from Stevie. There is a full confession and Stevie pleads guilty to the charges. It is at this point that Mr. James learned that Steven had also sexually assaulted Brenda when they were younger and that she could be called as a witness to Stevie’s trial. Stevie is now focused on the trial and he is taking a very stubborn approach to his plea and what possible outcomes there could be. I understand Stevie acting this way and having that attitude. He is defeated by this point and is set in his ways. I don’t believe Steven has the rational or cognitive ability to make positive and progressive decisions without counselling. He is warranted in feeling this way and he has been down a very hard road and has endured a lot. Mr. James explained it very well when he said: â€Å"if the punishment is acceptable, you will beat the system† (Steve James â€Å"Stevie† 2002) meaning that because Stevie endured such severe physical and emotional abuse as a child, he felt he could take anything and nothing ever mattered. The events that were transpiring in Stevie’s life at this point were crucial. The fact that he was avoiding therapy and counselling were severely diminishing his chances of making any changes or strides towards bettering himself. The symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder were surfacing and Stevie was inviting them. CAMH’s Mental Health index states that: â€Å"Children and adults can develop PTSD; the disorder can become so severe that the individual finds it difficult to lead a normal life† (CAMH information index 2012). These are the effects and characteristics that Stevie was exhibiting. Steven Fieldings was sentenced to 10 years in prison for sexual assault. Stevie served his entire 10-year sentence for the crime he was convicted for. He did not earn an early discharge for good behaviour — he spent his complete sentence in â€Å"segregation†, which is considered an in-prison punishment for problematic behaviour. Mr. James was in regular contact with Stevie throughout this period of time, visiting seldom and exchanging letters frequently. I believe in this case it boils down to a nature vs nurture debate. The question lies. Would Steven Fieldings have been better off and lived a better quality of life with proper parenting and supervision? I believe the answer is a resounding yes. Steven’s mother had much to do with his troubled child hood and he never had a chance in my opinion. With a better parental structure, I believe Stevie lives a much better quality of life and maybe is never even physically abused which was the cause of all his mental health issues and put him on a very destructive path. He went down this road with absolutely no counselling or support and that is not healthy what so ever. Like I said, Mr. Steven Fielding’s never had a chance and would most definitely benefit from proper parental structure and foundation. As I said, It boils down to the nature vs nurture and Mr.

Rumored Hype on Buffalo University Essay Topics Revealed

Rumored Hype on Buffalo University Essay Topics Revealed Buffalo University Essay Topics Help! To tell the truth, paying someone to compose your essay isn't ideal. The college admissions essay is the 1 thing that really can set you apart from different applicants, however it's not something you receive a lot of assistance in writing. In this kind of situation, the chance of being cheated through an on-line essay writing content mill only increases the agony and frustration of overburdened students. In addition to principal motive of any form of essay writing is going to be to current one's have view or thoughts along with the outcomes of the researches that any individual may have done related to any issue or event etc.. Enlist the aid of others to make certain your essay is immaculate. An essay has to be composed of an introduction, a body, and a conclusion. Don't be afraid your essay is going to have incorrect structure. An academic essay should offer a good, debatable th esis that's then supported by relevant evidencewhether that be from different sources or from somebody's own research. Writing an essay is not so hard when you get the hang of it. Yes, there's somebody who can assist you with your essays expert essay writers at MyPerfectWords. For students that are tired of getting remarks on their grammar, essay writers on the internet can be helpful. Proceed to the web to look for sources for your critical essay. In the procedure for writing an academic essay, you always ought to have your primary argument in mind. You need to try to restate the thesis statement and attempt to highlight the critical points discussed in the essay. The simplest approach to narrow down a thesis and make a suitable argument is to earn a simple outline before beginning writing your essay. Selecting a great topic to compose a university essay determines how well you're conversant with the program. The should use such a wide variety of academic skills is most likely the chief reason why the essay format is so popular with tutors as an assignment. In order in order to construct and pursue the interest of the graduate essay vividly, you also need to opt for a topic with source materials readily offered. At our site, you can order any kind of custom essay writing service. Make sure you're selecting a genuine essay writing service instead of just some bogus content mill. Each principal point ought to be related to your essay question or thesis statement. The second issue is to make certain that the written paper exactly follows the specified structure as in the event you deviate from the structure, you can lose marks. Make certain you proof read your essay once you are finished, this will allow you to avoid grammatical errors. In the event you're intimidated with critical essays, all you need to do is to ask your instructor with respect to guidelines and formatting. With enough training, you will be in a position to complete an essay in approximately 3 hours. If you can't finish an idea or explain what you're looking for you will not have a completed project. Our professional experts are prepared to make your university life simpler. Looks like you are in need of a super speedy customized essay services. All About Buffalo University Essay Topics In case the school doesn't like you for you, then they are the incorrect school. The remaining 10 percent of the last grade will be dependent upon contributions to seminar discussions. Bear in mind there are thousands of others students applying to your preferred university, and you want to distinguish yourself. When many universities provide scholarships to students based on their academic achievement, there are a few others which will also seem into extracurricular pursuits. Be certain to include the particular faculty you want to work with and why. Rice University is among the best schools in the country. Students should be instructed to check with their departmental advisor about the awarding of departmental honors. They can take courses from a variety of disciplines to fulfill their requirements. Using Buffalo University Essay Topics Being the finest UK essay writing services provider, we're confident you will be happy with the paper we produce. Having highlighted the above, the following advice will allow you pick a topic for writing university essays that are of high quality and relevant in the contemporary field of specialty. Using paid services that provide essay writing help has been an increasing trend in recent decades. Today, there are lots of services on the web that provide essay writing help to people.

How to Write an Essay With a Topic Sentence

How to Write an Essay With a Topic SentenceTo make your topic sentence stand out among the masses, you must know how to write an essay with a topic sentence. The rules on how to write an essay with a topic sentence are simple but effective and can help you write a well-researched essay that stands out in the crowd. They should be easy to understand and should help you to flow smoothly throughout the entire document.A topic sentence is basically a sentence that makes the connection between the topic and the rest of the paper. It is a very good idea to start each topic sentence off with some context. Start by discussing why your topic has relevance to the rest of the paper. For example, if your topic is of how to cure insomnia, your topic sentence should begin by saying how this topic relates to insomnia. This will give the reader an insight into what you are writing about, and allows the reader to imagine you to be well-informed and educated on the topic.Once you have established your topic sentence, it is time to do some research. The rule of thumb is to use the most reliable resources as possible. Researching is not about simply using your own views; it should be done with regard to what other people are saying. Don't just rely on other people's opinions; make sure that your research is well sourced and accurate.Finally, put the research into practice as you create your essay. Try to always provide a source for every point that you make. Whenever possible, cite your sources, so that your readers can follow the reference.Always start every essay or paper with a certain topic sentence. As you build your topics in this way, you are creating a systematic outline for your paper. You should have some general topic sentences already, so that you can build around those. On top of that, when you are working on an essay, you can usually expand upon the basic ideas that you have developed in your topic sentences.This should help you to make your paper a little more compl ex, but it doesn't mean that you have to go overboard. There are many different types of essays that you can compose, and each one requires a different type of essay writing style. You will have to learn a lot of different aspects of essay writing. It will take time and may even seem difficult at first, but you should keep practicing as you go along.With the help of a good resource and some practice, you should be able to write an essay with a topic sentence that stands out among the crowd. It is worth it, though, to write an essay with a topic sentence that is less than perfect. This will prevent the paper from being over-done. This makes the paper more unique and interesting. When you have more resources available to you, it is possible to think of more things to include in your topic sentences.The trick to writing an essay that will be remembered by future students is to make sure that you have included all of the information that you need to. Your topic sentences should be as co ncise as possible, while still being easy to understand. This will allow you to be able to write a great essay that gives your reader a real education. As you start learning how to write an essay with a topic sentence, you will be able to move forward in your research and start thinking of new ideas for your essays.

How to Make Something Up For College Essay - Use I Could Have Made That Up

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How to Write an Extended Essay About Visual Arts in High School

How to Write an Extended Essay About Visual Arts in High SchoolWhen an extended essay is the topic for a specific year in high school, it will be obvious which courses should be covered. Many courses are included in this category as well, but the following seven topics are the most popular. By adding an essay to your high school course plan, you will be helping to prepare your college admissions committee for the world of higher education.Visual Arts- If the Visual Arts section of your honors program has been discussed on previous occasions, or if your school is incorporating this type of class into the major, this is a good extended essay topic. Classroom discussions can be helpful, and a good visual arts teacher may be able to help make your essay much more engaging. To learn how to write an extended essay, take a class that deals with the art of writing. You can get some advice from a visual arts teacher, or from a design major who is teaching an art class.Creative Studies- One of the best ways to discuss this theme of education is to list all the creative aspects of your life. Do you like to read? Do you like to play a musical instrument?Do your passions enhance your ability to learn? This is a good topic for an extended essay because it allows you to explore some of the creative factors that make you unique.Children's Literature- If your honors program is especially involved in the art of writing, or you think children's literature is an important aspect of learning, this is a great topic for an extended essay. Describe your favorite childhood books and characters. As you go through these books, consider what the characters did and what their stories meant to you.Essays in Science- If you are interested in studying this subject at a college, you need to know how to write this type of essay. Just as the major can encompass music, the sciences, or history, it can also include such topics as physics, geology, biology, and mathematics.Explore these essay topic s in your high school class. Most schools will give you time to discuss the topic with the teacher, so get the opportunity to see if you can learn something from a professional teacher before you try to write your own essay.Visual Arts is an important theme in many schools today, so make sure you ask questions about how to write an extended essay about the visual arts at your high school. You can get some tips by taking a class that is involved in the topic. Keep in mind that you will have to explain why you chose this particular subject in your essay, so be prepared to answer that question.

Bernard Montgomery, World War II Field Marshal

Bernard Montgomery, World War II Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery (November 17, 1887–March 24, 1976) was a British soldier who rose through the ranks to become one of the most important military leaders of World War II. Known to be difficult to work with, Monty was nevertheless exceptionally popular with the British public. He was rewarded for his service with promotions to Field Marshal, Bridgadier General, and Viscount. Fast Facts: Bernard Montgomery Known For: Top military commander during World War IIAlso Known As: MontyBorn: November 17, 1887 in London, England Parents: The Reverend Henry Montgomery, Maud MontgomeryDied: March 24, 1976 in Hampshire, EnglandEducation: St. Paul’s School, London, and the Royal Military Academy (Sandhurst)Awards and Honors: Distinguished Service Order (after being wounded in WWI); after WWII, he received the Knight of the Garter and was created 1st Viscount Montgomery of Alamein in 1946Spouse: Elizabeth CarverChildren: John and Dick (stepsons) and DavidNotable Quote: Every soldier must know, before he goes into battle, how the little battle he is to fight fits into the larger picture, and how the success of his fighting will influence the battle as a whole. Early Life Born in Kennington, London in 1887, Bernard Montgomery was the son of Reverend Henry Montgomery and his wife Maud, and the grandson of noted colonial administrator Sir Robert Montgomery. One of nine children, Montgomery spent his early years at the familys ancestral home of New Park in Northern Ireland before his father was made Bishop of Tasmania in 1889. While living in the remote colony, he endured a harsh childhood that included beatings by his mother. Largely educated by tutors, Montgomery seldom saw his father, who frequently traveled due to his post. The family returned to Britain in 1901 when Henry Montgomery became secretary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel. Back in London, the younger Montgomery attended St. Pauls School before entering the Royal Military Academy at Sandhurst. While at the academy, he struggled with discipline issues and was nearly expelled for rowdiness. Graduating in 1908, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant and assigned to the 1st Battalion, Royal Warwickshire Regiment. World War I Sent to India, Montgomery was promoted to lieutenant in 1910. Back in Britain, he received an appointment as battalion adjutant at the Shorncliffe Army Camp in Kent. With the outbreak of World War I, Montgomery deployed to France with the British Expeditionary Force (BEF). Assigned to Lieutenant General Thomas Snows 4th Division, his regiment took part in the fighting at Le Cateau on August 26, 1914. Continuing to see action during the retreat from Mons, Montgomery was badly wounded during a counterattack near Mà ©teren on October 13, 1914. He was hit through the right lung by a sniper before another round struck him in the knee. Awarded the Distinguished Service Order, he was appointed as a brigade major in the 112th and 104th Brigades. Returning to France in early 1916, Montgomery served as a  staff officer with the 33rd Division during the Battle of Arras. The following year, he took part in the Battle of Passchendaele as a staff officer with IX Corps. During this time he became known as a meticulous planner who worked tirelessly to integrate the operations of the infantry, engineers, and artillery. As the war concluded in November 1918, Montgomery held the temporary rank of lieutenant colonel and was serving as chief of staff for the 47th Division. Interwar Years After commanding the 17th  (Service) Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers in the British Army of the Rhine during the occupation, Montgomery reverted to the rank of captain in November 1919. Seeking to attend the Staff College, he persuaded Field Marshal Sir William Robertson to approve his admission. Completing the course, he was again made a brigade major and assigned to the 17th Infantry Brigade in January 1921. Stationed in Ireland, he took part in counter-insurgency operations during the Irish War of Independence and advocated taking a hard line with the rebels. In 1927, Montgomery married Elizabeth Carver and the couple had a son, David, the following year. Moving through a variety of peacetime postings, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1931 and rejoined the Royal Warwickshire Regiment for service in the Middle East and India. Returning home in 1937, he was given command of the 9th Infantry Brigade with the temporary rank of brigadier. A short time later, tragedy struck when Elizabeth died from septicemia following an amputation caused by an infected insect bite. Grief-stricken, Montgomery coped by withdrawing into his work. A year later, he organized a massive amphibious training exercise that was praised by his superiors, which led to his promotion to major general. Given command of the 8th Infantry Division in Palestine, he put down an Arab revolt in 1939 before being transferred to Britain to lead the 3rd Infantry Division. With the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, his division was deployed to France as part of the BEF. Fearing a disaster similar to 1914, he relentlessly trained his men in defensive maneuvers and fighting. In France Serving in General Alan Brookes II Corps, Montgomery earned his superiors praise. With the German invasion of the Low Countries, the 3rd Division performed well and, following the collapse of the Allied position, was evacuated through Dunkirk. During the final days of the campaign, Montgomery led II Corps as Brooke had been recalled to London. Arriving back in Britain, Montgomery became an outspoken critic of the BEFs high command and began a feud with the commander of Southern Command, Lieutenant General Sir Claude Auchinleck. Over the next year, he held several posts responsible for the defense of southeastern Britain. North Africa In August 1942, Montgomery, now a lieutenant general, was appointed to command the Eighth Army in Egypt following the death of Lieutenant-General William Gott. Serving under General Sir Harold Alexander, Montgomery took command on August 13 and began a rapid reorganization of his forces and worked to reinforce the defenses at El Alamein. Making numerous visits to the front lines, he diligently endeavored to raise morale. In addition, he sought to unite land, naval, and air units into an effective combined arms team. Anticipating that Field Marshal Erwin Rommel would attempt to turn his left flank, he strengthened this area and defeated the noted German commander at the Battle of Alam Halfa in early September. Under pressure to mount an offensive, Montgomery began extensive planning for striking at Rommel. Opening the Second Battle of El Alamein in late October, Montgomery shattered Rommels lines and sent him reeling east. Knighted and promoted to general for the victory, he maintained pressure on Axis forces and turned them out of successive defensive positions, including the Mareth Line in March 1943. Sicily and Italy With the defeat of Axis forces in North Africa, planning began for the Allied invasion of Sicily. Landing in July 1943 in conjunction with Lieutenant General George S. Pattons U.S. Seventh Army, Montgomerys Eighth Army came ashore near Syracuse. While the campaign was a success, Montgomerys boastful style ignited a rivalry with his flamboyant American counterpart. On September 3, the Eighth Army opened the campaign in Italy by landing in Calabria. Joined by Lieutenant General Mark Clarks U.S. Fifth Army, which landed at Salerno, Montgomery began a slow, grinding advance up the Italian peninsula. D-Day On December 23, 1943, Montgomery was ordered to Britain to take command of the 21st Army Group, which comprised all of the ground forces assigned to the invasion of Normandy. Playing a key role in the planning process for D-Day, he oversaw the Battle of Normandy after Allied forces began landing on June 6. During this period, he was criticized by Patton and General Omar Bradley for his initial inability to capture the city of Caen. Once taken, the city was used as the pivot point for the Allied breakout and crushing of German forces in the Falaise pocket. Push to Germany As most of the Allied troops in Western Europe rapidly became American, political forces prevented Montgomery from remaining Ground Forces Commander. This title was assumed by the Supreme Allied Commander, General Dwight Eisenhower, while Montgomery was permitted to retain the 21st Army Group. In compensation, Prime Minister Winston Churchill had Montgomery promoted to field marshal. In the weeks following Normandy, Montgomery succeeded in convincing Eisenhower to approve Operation Market-Garden, which called for a direct thrust toward the Rhine and Ruhr Valley utilizing large numbers of airborne troops. Uncharacteristically daring for Montgomery, the operation was also poorly planned, with key intelligence about the enemys strength overlooked. As a result, the operation was only partially successful and resulted in the destruction of the 1st British Airborne Division. In the wake of this effort, Montgomery was directed to clear the Scheldt so that the port of Antwerp could be opened to Allied shipping. On December 16, the Germans opened the Battle of the Bulge with a massive offensive. With German troops breaking through the American lines, Montgomery was ordered to take command of U.S. forces north of the penetration to stabilize the situation. He was effective in this role and was ordered to counterattack in conjunction with Pattons Third Army on January 1, with the goal of encircling the Germans. Not believing his men were ready, he delayed two days, which allowed many of the Germans to escape. Pressing on to the Rhine, his men crossed the river in March and helped encircle German forces in the Ruhr. Driving across northern Germany, Montgomery occupied Hamburg and Rostock before accepting a German surrender on May 4. Death After the war, Montgomery was made commander of the British occupation forces and served on the Allied Control Council. In 1946, he was elevated to Viscount Montgomery of Alamein for his accomplishments. Serving as Chief of the Imperial General Staff from 1946 to 1948, he struggled with the political aspects of the post. Beginning in 1951, he served as deputy commander of NATOs European forces and remained in that position until his retirement in 1958. Increasingly known for his outspoken views on a variety of topics, his postwar memoirs were severely critical of his contemporaries. Montgomery died on March 24, 1976, and was buried at Binsted.

Definition and Examples of Elocution in English

Definition and Examples of Elocution in English Elocution is the art of effective public speaking, with particular attention to the clear, distinct, and socially acceptable pronunciation  of words. Adjective: elocutionary. In classical rhetoric, delivery (or actio) and style (or elocutio) were considered separate divisions of the traditional rhetorical process. See: rhetorical canons. Etymology:  From the Latin, utterance, expression Pronunciation:  e-leh-KYU-shen Also Known  As:  elocutio, style Examples and Observations The word elocution means something quite different to us from what it meant to the classical rhetorician. We associate the word with the act of speaking (hence, the elocution contest)... But for the classical rhetorician, elocutio meant style. ...All rhetorical considerations of style involved some discussion of choice of words, usually under such headings as correctness, purity..., simplicity, clearness, appropriateness, ornateness.Another subject of consideration was the composition or arrangement of words in phrases or clauses (or, to use the rhetorical term, periods). Involved here were discussions of correct syntax or collocation of words; patterns of sentences (e.g. parallelism, antithesis); proper use of conjunctions and other correlating devices both within the sentence and between sentences...A great deal of attention was paid, of course, to tropes and figures.(Edward P.J. Corbett and Robert J. Connors, Classical Rhetoric for the Modern Student. Oxford University. Press, 199 9)​ The Elocutionary MovementVarious factors contributed to heightened interest in the study of elocution in both the 18th and 19th centuries. Numerous scholars recognized that traditional students interested in the ministry or the bar were lacking effective speaking skills, and attempts were made to overcome these deficiencies. Beginning in England and continuing in the United States, elocution became the main focus of rhetoric during this time. . . .In studying elocution, students were primarily concerned with four things: bodily gestures, voice management, pronunciation, and vocal production (the actual formation of the sounds of speech). (Brenda Gabioud Brown, Elocution. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication From Ancient Times to the Information Age, ed. by Theresa Enos. Taylor Francis, 1996)The Principal Parts of ElocutionElocution (elocutio) . . . is the proper exposition of the appropriate words (idonea verba) and thoughts (idoneae sententiae) suitable to the th ings invented and arranged (res inventae et dispositae).Its principal parts are elegance, dignity, and composition . . .. Elegance is sensed most frequently in words and thoughts; dignity in the brilliance of the figures of words and thoughts . . .; and composition in the joining of words, in the period, and in the rhythm. (Giambattista Vico, The Art of Rhetoric (Institutiones Oratoriae), 1711-1741, trans. G. A. Pinton and A. W. Shippee, 1996)The clear enunciation of separate words and their elements.The just expression of the sense of words in connected discourse.Appropriate gesture, comprehending under this head the attitude, motions, and aspect of countenance most suitable to lend animation and force to speech. The Requisites of a Good DeliveryElocution is the art of delivering written or spoken language in the way best calculated to express the sense, beauty, or force of the words employed by the speaker.The requisites of a good delivery are:(Alexander Kennedy Isbister, Outlines of Elocution and Correct Reading, 1870)Lord Chesterfield on Becoming a Fine SpeakerThe vulgar look upon a man, who is reckoned a fine speaker, as a phenomenon, a supernatural being, and endowed with some peculiar gift of Heaven; they stare at him, if he walks in the park, and cry, that is he. You will, I am sure, view him in a juster light, and nulla formidine [without apprehension]. You will consider him only as a man of good sense, who adorns common thoughts with the graces of elocution, and the elegance of style. The miracle will then cease; and you will be convinced, that with the same application, and attention to the same objects, you may most certainly equal, and perhaps surpass, this prodigy. (Philip Stanho pe, letter to his son, February 15, 1754) Teachers of ElocutionIf there is a word more repellent than all others to an actor, or to the descendant of actors, it is the word elocution. It is saying a good deal, but, probably, outside of patent medicines, there is no humbug so great as characterizes nine tenths of elocution teaching. Men and women utterly incapable of speaking one sentence naturally undertake to make public speakers. What is the result? Pulpit, bar, rostrum, and stage teem with speakers that mouth, orate, rant, chant, and intone, but are never natural. It is a grievous evil. That elocution can be taught I have no doubt, but I know that most teachers are to be shunned as you would shun the plague.(American journalist and actress Kate Field, quoted by Alfred Ayres in Acting and Actors, Elocution and Elocutionists: A Book About Theater Folk and Theater Art, 1903)